Group of diseases of the cardiovascular System
Group of diseases of the cardiovascular System
Ang arteryal na hypertension o hypertension ay isang kondisyon ng patuloy na systolic at diastolic na presyon ng dugo, kung saan ang mga sukatan ay lumalagpas sa 140/90 mmHg. Ang mataas na presyon ay nagpapakita ng mga hindi komportableng sintomas.
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Group of diseases of the cardiovascular system The cardiovascular system consists of heart, blood vessels, and blood, plays a Central function in the human body: It ensures the Transport of oxygen, nutrients, hormones and other vital substances to the cells and the removal of metabolic waste products such as carbon dioxide. Diseases of this system are one of the leading causes of death worldwide and represent a significant public health Problem. Definition and Overview Under diseases of the circulatory system (also cardiovascular disease, KVE, lat. morbi cardio vasculares) is a group of diseases that affect the heart and/or blood vessels. These diseases can occur acutely or over a long period of chronic. Main groups and important disease pictures The main sub-groups of cardiovascular diseases include: Coronary heart disease (CHD): they are characterized by a decreased blood flow to the heart muscle due to narrowing of the coronary arteries (coronary sclerosis). These include: Angina pectoris (chest tightness) Myocardial Infarction (Heart Attack) Cerebrovascular disease: they affect the blood supply to the brain. Examples are: Stroke (stroke, for example, by thrombosis or embolism) transient ischemic attacks (TIA, transient disorders of blood circulation) High blood pressure (hypertension): A permanently elevated blood pressure, which can lead to damage to the heart, kidneys, eyes and blood vessels. Congestive heart failure: A condition in which the heart cannot adequately pump to supply the body adequately with blood. Arrhythmias: disturbances of the heart rhythm, such as: Atrial Fibrillation (Atrial Fibrillation) Ventricular fibrillation Diseases of the vascular walls: Atherosclerosis (calcification and hardening of the arteries) Peripheral arterial occlusive disease (paod, leg pain when walking) Aneurysms (Bulges of vascular walls) Flap error: malfunction of the heart valves, for example, stenosis (narrowing) or Regurgitation (leakage). Inflammatory Diseases: Endocarditis (inflammation of the inner heart surface) Myocarditis (inflammation of heart muscle) Pericarditis (inflammation of pericardium) Risk factors Among the modifiable risk factors: Hypertension Increased Fats In The Blood (Dyslipidemia) Smoking Diabetes mellitus Overweight and obesity Lack of exercise Stress Unhealthy Diet Non-modifiable risk factors are age, gender (male) and a family-like pre-existing condition. Diagnosis and therapy The diagnosis includes physical examination, laboratory parameters (e.g., lipid spectrum, Troponin), ECG, Holter ECG, ultrasound (echocardiography), stress tests, and imaging procedures such as CT and MRI. The therapy depends on the clinical picture and can-pharmacological measures (e.g., antihypertensives, statins, anticoagulants), include lifestyle-related interventions (Smoking cessation, exercise, nutrition) or surgery (coronary bypass, stent implantation, heart valve replacement). Conclusion Diseases of the cardiovascular system are many and varied, and often with significant impacts to health and life hazards. Early detection and treatment, as well as the influence of risk factors play a crucial role in the reduction of morbidity and mortality. Preventive measures on an individual and societal level are therefore of Central importance.
Kasabay nito, hindi inirerekomenda ang pangmatagalang pag-inom ng mga gamot mula sa kategoryang Diuretics, dahil ang mahahalagang sangkap tulad ng Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium ay mabilis na nailalabas sa katawan kasama ng sobrang tubig at asin. Alinsunod sa katangiang ito, sinasabayan ng mga Diuretics ang pag-inom ng mga gamot na may laman ng mga sangkap na ito. Maaaring ito ay mga vitamin at mineral na complexes, monokomponent, o mga suplemento sa pagkain na may napatunayang klinikal na bisa. Group of diseases of the cardiovascular System. Isang malawak na pagpipilian ng mga gamot mismo pati na rin ng mga pamamaraan para sa pagbawas ng gamot mula sa mataas na presyon ang nagbibigay-daan sa iyo na pumili ng pinaka-komportableng programa ng paggamot – ang abot-kaya sa gastos, na may minimal na pagpapakita ng mga side effect, at isinasaalang-alang ang ibang kasamang sakit. Kapag matagal ang pag-inom ng tabletas at binabago ng doktor ang gamot, ito ay dahil ang ilang gamot ay may katangian na magdulot ng pagkagumon, na nagreresulta sa kaunting pagbaba ng bisa nito. Bukod dito, hindi lahat ng grupo ng gamot ay angkop para sa mga pasyente sa iba't ibang edad, at may mga limitasyon din sa pagiging compatible nito sa ibang uri ng gamot.
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